SIMPLE PAST TENSE ( KATA LAMPAU )
It is used to keel lie event in the past.
1. Verbal sentence
S + V2 +... ( + )
S + Didn't + V1 +... ( - )
Did + S + V1 +... ( ? )
Example
She went to office yesterday (+)
She didn't go to office yesterday (-)
Did she go to office yesterday (?)
2. Nominal sentence
S + was/were + adjective/adverb/nom (+)
S + was/were + not + adjective/adverb/nom (-)
Was/were + S + adjective/adverb/nom (?)
Was (I, he, she, it)
Were (you, they, we)
Example
My brother was a doctor (+)
My brother wasn't a doctor (-)
Was my brother a doctor (?)
EXPRESSING REQUEST
When we have a request, we can use some forms of the request expressions.
Can you
Could you + V1 +....?
Would you Maukah kamu…?
Would you mind + V1 (ing) +....?
I wonder if you + V1 +.....?
Example
a. Can you open the window, please?
b. Could you raise your hand?
c. Would you mind sitting on my chair?
COMMAND AND PROHIBITION
a. Command (infinitive to)
- Cook there vegetables!
- Buy fruits in the market!
b. Prohibition (negative command)
Don’t + infinitive + o +!
- Don't come late!
- Don't eat in the class!
You + may not + infinitive + o +!
- You may not open the door!
- You may not close the window!
You + must not + infinitive + o +!
- You must not stand up!
- You must not sit down!
KELAS XI
WOULD RATHER... (THAN), (WOULD) PREFER TO RATHER THAN PREFER SOME THINGT SOME THING.'Would rather' mempunyai arti: Would prefer to ( lebih suka ).
Example
A- I would rather have ice cream than milk shake.
B- Would you rather have ice cream or milk shake?
C- I would prefer to have ice cream rather than milk shake
D- I would rather not have anything
E- Do you want to eat out? 'no I’d rather not'
F- I would prefer eat out rather than go/to go/going to the movies
Keterangan
1} Dalam kalimat Tanya kita menggunakan or untuk memperkenalkan suatu pilihan, sedangkan dalam kalimat pasif yang menggunakan would rather kita menggunakan than.
2} kita menggunakan rather than dengan would prefer + to invinitive.
3} Untuk kalimat negative. Kita menambahkan not setelah would rather/would prefer dan sebelum kata kerja utama sehingga kalimat
- I would rather not have ice cream
- I would prefer not to have ice cream
4} kita menggunakan
Would prefer + to infinitive + rather than + infinitive
Would prefer + to infinitive + rather than + to infinitive
would prefer + to infinitive + rather than +V ing(dalam contoh f diatas)
5} Kita mengatakan 'I’d rather not' sebagai jawaban pendek. kita menggunakan prefer dengan cara berikut
~ Prefer to + infinitive + rather than + infinitive/to infinitive/verb/ing
I prefer to swim rather than play/to play/playing basket ball
~ Prefer + verb + ing + to + verb + ing
I prefer swimming to playing basket ball
~ Prefer + verb + ing + rather than + verb + ing
I prefer swimming rather than playing basket ball
~ Prefer + something + to + something
I prefer tea to coffee
A} "Rather than" dalam kalimat diatas dapat diganti dengan instead of tetapi kata kerja yang mengikuti 'instead of' harus dalam bentuk Verb + ing
Example
I prefer to stay (at) home instead of going out
B} "rather than” dapat diikuti oleh infinitive, to infinitive atau verb + ing, tetapi penggunaannya lebih baik di sesuaikan dengan kata kerja sebelumnya
C} Jika kita lebih suka seseorang melakukan sesuatu kita menyatakannya dengan prefer : I prefer you to do it for me.
(Prefer + somebody + to + infinitive)
D} Dengan would rather (would rather + some body + the past form) - I'd rather you did it for me
- I'd rather you didn't smoke
